什麼是維多利亞女王

Victoria，原名亞歷山大裏娜.維多利亞（Alexandrina Victoria）。

大不列顛與愛爾蘭聯合王國（即英國）女王（1837～1901年在位）和印度女皇（自1876年）。肯特公爵愛德華的獨生女。1837年繼承她的叔叔威廉四世的王位。在位初期，她接受輝格黨首相梅爾波恩子爵的指導，後來是她的丈夫艾伯特，他們於1840年結婚。維多利亞對艾伯特言聽計從，在這個時期有時稱「艾伯特專權」。兩人育有九個子女。她的子女與許多歐洲王室聯姻。艾伯特死後，維多利亞極為悲傷，開始隱居，但她仍保持實際的政治作用如同他所決定的那樣去行動。經常與格萊斯頓意見不合，欣然接受迪斯累利於1874年替代他擔任首相。維多利亞在位時期稱作維多利亞時代，標誌着英國擴張和恢復君主政體的威嚴和聲望的時期，正如她在位五十週年大慶（1887）和六十週年（1897）所表明的那樣，女王是受羣眾歡迎的。她是英國有史以來在位最長的君主。

1819～1901年

Victoria

Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1837-1901) and Empress of India (from 1876). The only child of Edward, duke of Kent, she succeeded her uncle, William IV, in 1837. She was first guided as queen by the Whig prime minister Lord Melbourne and then by her husband, Prince Albert, whom she married in 1840. Devoted to him, she accepted his decisions on all issues in the period sometimes called the “Albertine monarchy.” They had nine children, through whose marriages descended many of the royal families of Europe. From 1861 Victoria deeply mourned Albert's death and thereafter made royal decisions as she believed he would have advised. She was frequently at odds with Prime Minister William E. Gladstone and welcomed his replacement by Benjamin Disraeli in 1874. Her reign, called the Victorian age, was marked by a period of British expansion and a restoration of dignity and popularity to the monarchy, as shown by her Jubilees of 1887 and 1897. She remains the longest-reigning monarch in British history.