什麼是拉伯雷

Rabelais, Fran?ois

法國作家和教士。初習法律，受神職為方濟會教士。後來由於一場爭論而轉入本篤會。1530年離開本篤會習醫，成為他以後畢生從事的專業。他是位重要的人文主義學者，翻譯發表了希波克拉提斯和加倫的着作。他的名聲主要來自五部喜劇小説（其中一部的作者尚有懷疑），合稱《卡岡都亞和龐大固埃》，包括經典傑作《龐大固埃》（1532）和《卡岡都亞》（1534），還有《第三本書》（1546），是他最着名的作品。這些作品的用詞賞心悦目，是講故事的高手。與以前任何法國作品不同，他將學術、文學和科學的模仿拼湊在一起而表現出很深的人文主義精神。由於這些作品的諷刺性內容以及粗俗的幽默而遭到民間和教會當局的禁止，然而在歐洲仍被廣泛閲讀。因其醫生的職業，使他受到許多有勢力的人的保護而獲得自由。

1494年～1553年

Rabelais, Fran?ois

French writer and priest. After apparently studying law, he took holy orders as a Franciscan, but later, because of a dispute, removed to a Benedictine house. In 1530 he left the Benedictines to study medicine, a profession he would follow the rest of his life. He became a significant humanist scholar, publishing translations of Hippocrates and Galen. His fame rests on the five comic novels (one of doubtful authenticity) known collectively as Gargantua and Pantagruel, including the masterpieces Pantagruel (1532) and Gargantua (1534) as well as Le tiers livre (1546; “The Third Book”), his most profound work. These works display a delight in words, a mastery of storytelling, and deep humanist learning in a mosaic of scholarly, literary, and scientific parody that is unlike any previous work in French. They were banned by civil and church authorities for their satirical content and earthy humor, but were nevertheless read throughout Europe. Throughout his career, Rabelais owed his freedom to the protection of powerful patrons.