什麼是小提琴

弓弦樂器家族包含小提琴、中提琴、大提琴、低音大提琴。稱為小提琴的樂器是家族中音調最高的成員。指板沒有浮紋，四弦，木製琴體形狀獨特，其「腰身」造就了弓法的自由。被置於肩上，由右手拉弓。有極廣的4個八度。16世紀在義大利演化而成，源於中世紀的提琴及其他樂器。它的平均比例在17世紀確立，但18～19世紀的改革增加了本身的音色能力。小提琴音色燦爛、靈活而具有歌唱性，在西方藝術音樂中一直是非常重要的，在所有絃樂器中擁有最大而最着名的曲目，包括數以千計的協奏曲。從17世紀中期以來，它一直是管弦樂團的基礎，如今管弦樂團通常包括20～26支小提琴；小提琴也廣用於室內樂，或作為獨奏樂器。它在許多國家以民俗樂器的形式演奏，民俗小提琴常被稱為提琴。

violin

Family of bowed stringed instruments consisting of the violin, viola, cello, and double bass. The instrument called the violin is the family's highest-pitched member. It has a fretless fingerboard, four strings, and a distinctively shaped wooden body whose “waist” permits freedom of bowing. It is held on the shoulder and bowed with the right hand. It has a wide range of over four octaves. It evolved in Italy in the 16th century from the medieval fiddle and other instruments. Its average proportions were settled by the 17th century, but innovations in the 18th-19th century increased its tonal power. With its brilliance, agility, and singing tone, the violin has been immensely important in Western art music, and it has the largest and most distinguished repertoire of any stringed instrument, including thousands of concertos. From the mid-17th century it has been the foundation of the symphony orchestra, which today usually includes 20-26 violins, and is also widely used in chamber music and as a solo instrument. It is played as a folk instrument in many countries, folk violins being often called fiddles.