什麼是軍事單位

較大的軍事組織裏具有規定的大小和特定戰鬥或支援角色的團體。古代主要的軍事單位是希臘人的方陣和羅馬人的軍團。現代軍事單位起源於16～18世紀，當時職業軍隊在中世紀末期以後開始在歐洲出現。從那時起，開始使用的基本單位是營、旅和師，並沿用至今。今天最小的軍事單位是班，包括7～14名士兵，由一名士官領導。3個或4個班組成一個排，兩個及兩個以上的排組成一個連，大約有100～250名士兵，由一名上尉或少校帶領。兩個及兩個以上的連組成一個營，幾個營組成一個旅，兩個及兩個以上的旅以及幾個特種營組成一個師，大約有7,000～22,000人，由一名少將帶領。2至7個師組成一個軍團，由中將帶領，最大的師有50,000～300,000人，是常規軍隊的最大組成形式。但在戰爭期間，一個或幾個軍團可能被合起來組成一支野戰部隊（由一名將軍帶領），而野戰部隊也可反過來合為集團軍。

military unit

Group of a prescribed size with a specific combat role within a larger military organization. The chief units in the ancient world were the Greek phalanx and the Roman legion. Modern units originated in the 16th-18th century, when professional armies reemerged in Europe after the end of the Middle Ages. Since then the basic units—company battalion, brigade, and division—have remained in use. The smallest unit today is the squad, which has 7-14 soldiers and is led by a sergeant. Three or four squads make up a platoon, and two or more platoons make up a company, which has 100-250 soldiers and is commanded by a captain or a major. Two or more companies make up a battalion, and several battalions form a brigade. Two or more brigades, along with various specialized battalions, make up a division, which has 7,000-22,000 troops and is commanded by a major general. Two to seven divisions make up an army corps, commanded by a lieutenant general, which with 50,000-300,000 troops is the largest regular army formation, though in wartime two or more corps may be combined to form a field army (commanded by a general), and field armies in turn may be combined to form an army group.